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2017-01-2003:00

COUNTERMEASURES: The TRA said another railway union has agreed to work during the holiday and that it is training reserve staff to take over if neededBy Abraham Gerber and Shelley Shan / Staff reportersThe Taiwan Railway Union will follow through with its threat to “take a legal holiday” over the Lunar New Year to protest the Taiwan Railways Administration’s （TRA） unwillingness to negotiate labor terms, union members said yesterday in a Taipei rally.About 10 union members and their supporters gathered on the west side of the Taipei Railway Station building, shouting slogans and accusing the agency of forcing employees to work overtime during the holiday crunch next week.Union president Wang Jieh （王傑） said a petition to take time off during the holiday had been signed by more than 1,000 of about 4,000 employees responsible for station and train operations, vowing delays and cancelations in response to the agency’s refusal to negotiate over holiday shifts and overtime hours.“The work we normally do is that of laborers, not civil servants, but the TRA wants to use our status as civil servants to pin us down,” he said, adding that agency officials had threatened to mark employees who refused to work as “absent without leave,” violating a Ministry of Labor ruling.Civil servants and most other public employees are not governed by the Labor Standards Act （勞動基準法） and can be compelled to work over holidays under the Civil Service Act （公務員服務法）.However, the Labor Standards Act states that in cases where workers are considered both civil servants and laborers, Civil Service Act standards apply to their salaries, retirement and insurance, “as well as other cases in which it provides better benefits” than the Labor Standards Act.“Even though we are considered both civil servants and laborers, our national holidays are supposed to be governed by the Labor Standards Act, which requires employers to ask workers whether or not they are willing to work,” Taiwan Railway Union secretary Hsiao Nung-yu （蕭農瑀） said.Union director Tseng Fan-ye （曾繁宇） accused the agency of trying to cut the number of platform staff, which he said could undermine safety because there would be fewer staff to monitor trains and passenger traffic.Hiring more employees to allow shift reductions has been a key demand of the union, which was founded last year to compete with the existing company union.Deputy Minister of Transportation and Communications Wang Kwo-tsai （王國材） said after a Cabinet meeting yesterday morning that the agency would continue to communicate with the union and has been training reserve staff to fill a potential personnel shortage.“It would take time to address the union’s demands, such as increasing staff numbers. The TRA is working on meeting those expectations,” Wang said.The TRA has also discussed the situation with the company union, the Taiwan Railway Labor Union, which understands that some of its appeals are not going to be addressed immediately, Wang said.The group has said it will cooperate fully with the agency’s plan to transport homebound passengers during the holidays, he said.Asked about the possibility of 1,000 workers going on strike, Wang said that it would affect railway transport during the most important holiday of the year, but that the TRA has trained substitutes to meet a potential staff shortage.All reserve staff have undergone three months of training and served as apprentices for 10 to 14 days before being added to the work roster, the agency said.新聞來源：TAIPEI TIMES







一對一英文家教費用



▲SKYACTIV讓Mazda車款大躍進，第二代更像是得到外星科技般。（圖／翻攝自Mazda）

記者張慶輝／綜合報導

日本車廠Mazda（馬自達）自從推出「SKYACTIV」技術後，無論是汽柴油引擎、手排與自排變速箱、底盤或車體結構，都有非常顯著的進化，旗下車款導入SKYACTIV技術後，也獲得車評和消費者的一致好評，就在推出6年後，第二代SKYACTIV技術即將問世，這一回把油耗提升到不可思議的境界！

▲原本用在柴油車上的壓縮點火技術，可望在汽油車上實現。（圖／翻攝自Mazda）

早在2014年，Mazda動力總監Mitsuo Hitomi就曾表示，透過稀薄燃燒等手段，SKYACTIV 2引擎的燃油效率可再提升30%，近期《日本經濟新聞》揭露了稱為「均質充量壓縮點火（HCCI）」的技術，簡單來說，即是透過高壓縮比和直噴供油，讓汽油引擎像柴油引擎那樣點火，而不需透過火星塞點燃油氣。

原本SKYACTIV 2預計2020年才會登場，不過報導指出，HCCI將會率先搭載在2018年的新Mazda3上，單單這一項改變，就能讓油耗達到30km/L的誇張表現，甚至比許多油電混合車還省油，再一次突破內燃機效率極限。



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旺報【梁世煌】

美國與中國的貿易戰一觸即發，對於同時要看美、中臉色的台灣而言，「兩大之間難為小」，其處境最為尷尬，而首當其衝就是台灣科技業，因為，一旦川普的「美國製造業回流」政策發威，則全球工業的分工體系勢必因此面臨重組挑戰，而台灣向以擁有完整產業聚落自詡，未來在中美兩大國夾擊下，製造業出走帶來產業空洞化，恐怕是另一個危機。

針對川普對華經貿的強硬態度，其效應儘管還需觀察，但台灣絕不可掉以輕心。因為川普的「美國製造業回流」，將會使原本已經逐年降低的外商在台投資更為惡化，連帶拖累台灣本地企業的投資意願，更何況，多年來台企一向習慣以「美國接單、大陸生產」來做生意，一旦美企將生產線拉回美國，台企的生存空間立刻被大幅壓縮，對台灣經濟動能而言，其負面衝擊非同小可。

就目前情況來看，外界最關注的還是川普效應，未來將如何影響全球分工體系，若川普果真將各家美國大廠全數逼回美國，全球分工體系會否出現解構、重組；甚至導致台、韓、大陸之間的產業競合關係出現變化，都值得密切觀察。
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